Advancing Strategic Thought Through Independent Defence Scholarship

The Defence Horizon Journal is an independent international platform bringing together researchers, practitioners and military professionals to advance informed debate on security and defence.

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  • Abstract: Nations and intergovernmental organisations must consider the real possibility of moving into a world without a global hegemon. The core assumptions that underpin realist thought can directly be challenged by presenting an alternative approach to non-polarity. This could be through questioning what might occur if nations moved from a world in which polarity remains… Read more →

  • Abstract: In the hybrid-digitalised conflicts of the 21st century, military deception is more relevant than ever. The invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 has shown the world how resolutely the battle for the narrative in the information space is being fought. Modern technologies offer new possibilities for deceiving the enemy and the public. Commanders and… Read more →

  • Abstract: Nowadays, the internet and social media are probably the most powerful tools used in cognitive warfare to target key figures, niche groups, and significant populations in a community. This article presents a sentiment analysis framework for posts collected from the X social media platform, formerly known as Twitter, on topics related to the Russian-Ukrainian… Read more →

  • Abstract: Violent extremism is a persistent threat and will continue to be so for the foreseeable future. Understanding cognitive and affective issues, which make individuals inclined to adopt violent extremism or recruitment by violent extremist groups, is relevant in proposing better ways of countering this issue. Problem statement: How to better understand how individuals come… Read more →

  • Abstract: Cognitive Warfare, Foreign Information Manipulation and Interference (FIMI), Hybrid threats – how does disinformation strategically target vulnerabilities within democratic institutions? Rather than being competitive, these concepts are complementary and pertain to distinct societal domains. A nuanced understanding of disinformation in varied conceptual, social, and strategic contexts equips policymakers and defence agencies to craft cohesive,… Read more →

  • Abstract: Bin Laden and his co-conspirators analysed that a small amount of financing was sufficient for the 9/11 attack. Between $400,000 and $500,000 was spent planning and carrying it out. Experts account that a minute percentage of their total budget of $30 million annually is paid for weapons for AQ. Even though profits may be… Read more →

  • Abstract: Over a long period of time, India has been pushing to internationalise Indian Rupees. Similarly, China is pushing for an international acceptance of the Renminbi (RMB). In this competition, the RMB got an edge as the International Monetary Fund (IMF) included the RMB in the Special Drawing Rights (SDRs) basket. Over time, Beijing adopted… Read more →

  • Abstract: Modern war is a complex endeavour. Operations have effects on several domains simultaneously and are not limited to the operational domains of land, air, sea, cyber and space. The information environment, with its three dimensions (informational, physical and cognitive), is a conceptual link between the MPECI instruments of power and the classic operational domains.… Read more →

  • Abstract: In an increasingly interconnected world marked by digitalisation and information abundance, the nature of security threats has evolved beyond traditional paradigms. Hybrid threats, characterised by their multifaceted and often subtle nature, challenge the conventional understanding of warfare. The concept of hybrid threats and cognitive warfare play a vital role within the context of the… Read more →

  • Abstract: Using the initial ideas of Terry Jones of Monty Python and U.S. historian Marilyn B. Young, this paper challenges the use of the abstract in security problems and debates. As Jones states, can you fight and win against an abstract noun? In his case, it was the then-ongoing War on Terror. Jones expands on… Read more →

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