Russia
Russia plays a central role in global security, energy markets, and geopolitics, making its actions highly influential on international stability and economic trends. Understanding Russia today is especially important as its policies, conflicts, and alliances increasingly shape the balance of power and the future of global order.
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Putin’s Early NATO Discourse And The Myth Of Ignored Russian Security Interests
Abstract: This article challenges the post‑2014 Russian claim that NATO enlargement systematically ignored Russia’s legitimate security interests. Drawing on Vladimir Putin’s own speeches and interviews from 2000–2004, combined with primary documents such as the 1997 NATO–Russia Founding Act, it demonstrates that Moscow repeatedly accepted Alliance enlargement, deepened institutional cooperation, and even contemplated Russian membership. The… Read More
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How The Baltic Nations Are Preparing A Multilayered Defence To Russian Aggression
Abstract: The 2014 and 2022 invasions of Ukraine by Russia have forced many European nations, especially the Baltic nations of Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia, to reconsider their military defences, grey zone security measures, and civil preparedness in response to wide-ranging Russian threats. The Baltic nations have increased defence spending and capabilities, worked in the grey… Read More
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Analysis Of Shahed Drones From Ukraine To The Middle East
Abstract: The Shahed-136, an Iranian-manufactured loitering munition built largely from foam and plywood, has emerged as a very effective weapons system. The Shahed-136 drone has demonstrated that low-cost, mass-produced aerial munitions can systematically overwhelm sophisticated and expensive air defence architectures. Iran’s direct deployment of Shaheds against Israel in 2025, followed by Russia’s relentless campaign averaging… Read More
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What North Korea Is Learning From The War In Iran
Abstract: Ever since the war in Iran erupted early in 2026, much of the world’s attention has been fixated on the Middle East. North Korea is no exception. It will likely be closely monitoring the conflict to extract lessons on regime survival, deterrence, and how to survive a multi-front war involving the United States. While… Read More
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Russia’s Warning Echoes A Hard Truth About Afghanistan
Abstract: Russia’s latest warning on Afghanistan matters because it lines up with the broader picture described in recent international reporting. The central issue is not whether Moscow has motives; it does. The issue is whether the underlying security assessment is credible. On that question, the evidence points in one direction. Afghanistan remains a permissive space… Read More
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Hacktivism In Russian Cyber Strategy
Abstract: So-called “hacktivist groups” have become an important part of Russia’s cyberspace strategy against the West. In reality, however, this phenomenon is not clear-cut, and hacktivist groups demonstrate many differences when it comes to their constitution, techniques, and especially their level of state control. Many “hacktivist” groups are entities that have been purposefully set up… Read More
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Excruciation Of Prisoners of War – State Policy Of The Russian Federation
Abstract: With each passing day, the amount of verified information regarding violations of international humanitarian law and human rights by the Russian Federation continues to grow. One of the most striking examples of the Russian Federation’s disregard for its international obligations is its treatment of Ukrainian prisoners of war (POWs). These violations include executions, torture,… Read More
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Donetsk May Tell
Abstract: Following the annexation of Crimea a decade ago, Russian warfare tactics have evolved to adapt to technological advancements and make up for shortfalls in conventional military domains; among them falls the use of Russian television and Telegram channels to influence the Ukrainian public. As claimed by Maschmeyer et al.’s “Donetsk Don’t Tell – ‘Hybrid… Read More
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Russian Views On The Future Of Manoeuvrist Approach Based On The Lessons Learned From The War In Ukraine
Abstract: In spite of the expectations of Moscow, the war in Ukraine has quickly turned into a war of attrition. Based on open-source military publications, this paper aims to present Russian views on the causes of positional war as well as on the future of manoeuvre warfare. While not questioning the purpose of the war,… Read More
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Peace Negotiations About The War In Ukraine As A Matter For The Global Community Of States
Abstract: Eighty years after the founding of the United Nations (UN), international conflicts—in particular those escalating into wars, such as in Ukraine and in the Middle East—became a matter of the international community consisting of 193 countries with the right to vote in the General Assembly. In this part of the newsletter series, different positions… Read More
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