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Article
Abstract: The vested economic interests of some riparian states have led them to usurp transboundary water resources at the expense of others, culminating in tensions and even hydro-wars. A multiplicity of strategies has been employed to manage these water disputes: International Water Agreements (IWAs), Integrated Water Management (IWM) and Alternate Dispute Resolution (ADR) mechanisms. Despite… Read more →
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Article
Abstract: The military confrontation between India and Pakistan that took place in May 2025 has demonstrated that in South Asian, the employment of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in active combat roles has become a reality. This growing utility of UAVs stems from their cost-effectiveness, precision, flexibility, and the reduced risk associated with their unmanned nature.… Read more →
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Article
Abstract: The Pakistan-Saudi Strategic Mutual Defence Agreement marks a turning point in regional geopolitics, transcending bilateral security cooperation to reshape the balance of power across West Asia and South Asia. The pact strengthens Pakistan’s deterrence by leveraging China’s defence umbrella while allowing Saudi Arabia to diversify beyond U.S. guarantees. It signals the potential emergence of… Read more →
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Article
Abstract: Explosives and pyrotechnics play a critical role in modern military technology. Recent advancements in nanotechnology, artificial intelligence, and 3D additive manufacturing are transforming the development, applications, and safety of these technologies. This paper examines how these disruptive technologies shape the future of explosives while addressing the challenges of their ethical application. Special attention is… Read more →
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Article
Abstract: This paper illustrates the evolution of third-party intermediaries from crisis ad-hoc responders to credible systemic actors, i.e. diplomatic surrogates. The main argument is that surrogate diplomacy signifies a transition from state-centric international relations towards networked international relations, having more effective and systematic means of resolving disputes than traditional diplomacy in multipolar conditions. Surrogate diplomacy’s… Read more →
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Article
Abstract: This study examines the relationship between the level of automation in warfare and combat effectiveness, focusing on unmanned combat systems (UCS). As the Republic of Korea faces a significant decline in the availability of military personnel due to demographic changes, UCS adoption has become a critical priority. While UCSs are anticipated to surpass human… Read more →
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Article
Abstract: Since the early twenty-first century, outer space has evolved into a congested and contested environment, as the proliferation of state and commercial actors has embedded orbital infrastructures into global security and economic systems. Historically framed through analogies with air and maritime power, space has consistently been regarded as a strategic domain central to terrestrial… Read more →
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Article
Abstract: The emergence of autonomous weapons systems (AWS) represents a clear shift in warfare and raises critical questions about the impact this change will have on soldiers’ morale on a 21st-century battlefield. The complex effects that such technology has on military morale are highlighted through historical parallels to previous, similar military innovations and supplemented by… Read more →
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Article
Abstract: India launched Operation Sindoor on May 07, 2025, striking nine terrorist camps in Pakistan, following a horrific terrorist attack in Pahalgam, Jammu and Kashmir, on April 22. India’s strategic restraint in targeting only terror infrastructure in Pakistan in the initial stages of the operation is not evidence of its weakness, but rather a civilisational… Read more →
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Article
Abstract: This article examines the causes of the Israeli–Palestinian and broader Israeli–Arab conflict by analysing the historical, moral, and political dimensions of both Jewish/Israeli and Arab positions. On the Israeli side, it explores the evolution of Zionism and Revisionist Zionism into a doctrine aimed at securing Israeli control over Palestine west of the Jordan River… Read more →








