Security Policy
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New Problems in Hybrid Warfare: Cyber Meets Cognition
Abstract: Hybrid warfare encompasses the area of adversarial relations between war and peace. In this space, questions have emerged about how cyber action, which involves the subversion of confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data, intersects with information operations (also known as propaganda or influence). While definitions of these phenomena remain imprecise and emergent, terms such… Read More
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Iran: A Full-Scale War Is Unlikely, But ‘Hybrid Conflict’ Set To Escalate
Abstract: The spectre of a U.S.-Iran war is haunting the world. However, it is still less likely than many think. For its part, Tehran is aware that it lacks the military capabilities and financial resources to endure a direct military confrontation with the United States. Engaging in a full-scale war with Iran would also be… Read More
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On Cognitive Warfare: The Anatomy of Disinformation
Abstract: Cognitive warfare entails narrowing down the execution of warfare to the cognitive dimension. While presented as a new notion, cognitive warfare as a concept articulates the essence of warfare, namely changing an opponent’s attitude and will – and hence their cognition. Although the concept is not new, the resurgence in attention and relevance is… Read More
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Catalyzing Inclusive Urban Economies
Abstract: In the rapidly changing landscape of urban economies in India, there is a growing focus on fostering nuanced civic engagement to enhance transparency, accountability, and representation. This shift in public administration emphasises collaborative solution-building and the creation of more inclusive and sustainable policy frameworks. Against the backdrop of a rapidly growing national economy, marked… Read More
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Through Audacity And Arms: How Europe Can Restrain Russia
Abstract: The global West, and Europe in particular, are beset by the consequences of self-doubt and the vagaries of the peace dividend. These manifest in Russian intransigence and the less-than-resolute response to Russian aggression in Ukraine. However, this need not be the case. Russia has been emboldened to act recklessly because it seems that nobody… Read More
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Dark Biotechnology – An Emerging Solution To CBRN Emergencies
Abstract: While humanity has made great strides in technological advancement, these achievements have not come without repercussions. Chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) emergencies pose the greatest threat. These calamities can seriously perturb the multifaceted network of life on Earth. The use of biotechnology has demonstrated promise in both preventing and managing these kinds of… Read More
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The Liberum Veto: A History and a Warning
Abstract: Based on recent political disagreements between the European Union/NATO and Hungary, the requirements for unanimity in decision-making by these two multinational organisations repeat the tradition of the Liberum Veto of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and could very well lead to their self-destruction—just as happened to the Commonwealth. There are similarities between today and an earlier… Read More
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Reimagining The Khalistan Movement In Canada
Abstract: India and Canada have shared historic people-to-people relations, owing to the presence of an influential Sikh diaspora. However, the two countries have also shared discontentment due to the activities of anti-India elements in the form of Khalistani separatists. Canada’s reluctance to take concrete action against violent calls for damaging India’s diplomatic staff has resulted… Read More
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Diplomacy Amidst Exploited Cognitive Environments: The Case Of India
Abstract: As warfare has expanded to its sixth domain, the cognitive domain, securing national interests involves targeting the capabilities of the adversary instead of the adversary themselves. This evolving warfare comprises targeting every source of the adversary’s strengths (and the means that enhance it) – internal political stability; economic stability; international image; and, most recently,… Read More
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Grand Strategic Biases and Polarity
Abstract: Cognitive biases do not necessarily impact a single decision but can be rooted in national (civilisational) strategic thinking. Biased strategic thinking can lead to misguided strategies drawing on different international system configurations, thus giving rise to the pursuit of unrealistic goals or the underestimation of security threats. A vivid example of such biased views of… Read More
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