English Articles
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There Is No Need For A Cognitive Domain
Abstract: Cognitive Warfare is gaining ground in the strategic and operational debate. Accordingly, there are various calls for the introduction of a cognitive domain. The partitioning of warfare into operational domains within the framework of Multi-Domain Operations (MDO) effectively reduces the complexity of military decision models as long as the majority of dependencies occur within… Read More
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The Post-Polar Moment
Abstract: Nations and intergovernmental organisations must consider the real possibility of moving into a world without a global hegemon. The core assumptions that underpin realist thought can directly be challenged by presenting an alternative approach to non-polarity. This could be through questioning what might occur if nations moved from a world in which polarity remains… Read More
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Deception In The 21st Century
Abstract: In the hybrid-digitalised conflicts of the 21st century, military deception is more relevant than ever. The invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 has shown the world how resolutely the battle for the narrative in the information space is being fought. Modern technologies offer new possibilities for deceiving the enemy and the public. Commanders and… Read More
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Using Artificial Intelligence Tools For Obtaining Cognitive Warfare Advantages
Abstract: Nowadays, the internet and social media are probably the most powerful tools used in cognitive warfare to target key figures, niche groups, and significant populations in a community. This article presents a sentiment analysis framework for posts collected from the X social media platform, formerly known as Twitter, on topics related to the Russian-Ukrainian… Read More
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Extremist Violence And Communication Tools To Counter It
Abstract: Violent extremism is a persistent threat and will continue to be so for the foreseeable future. Understanding cognitive and affective issues, which make individuals inclined to adopt violent extremism or recruitment by violent extremist groups, is relevant in proposing better ways of countering this issue. Problem statement: How to better understand how individuals come… Read More
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Disinformation In Cognitive Warfare, FIMI, Hybrid Threats
Abstract: Cognitive Warfare, Foreign Information Manipulation and Interference (FIMI), Hybrid threats – how does disinformation strategically target vulnerabilities within democratic institutions? Rather than being competitive, these concepts are complementary and pertain to distinct societal domains. A nuanced understanding of disinformation in varied conceptual, social, and strategic contexts equips policymakers and defence agencies to craft cohesive,… Read More
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An Account On Al-Qaeda’s 9/11 Terrorist Attacks Financing
Abstract: Bin Laden and his co-conspirators analysed that a small amount of financing was sufficient for the 9/11 attack. Between $400,000 and $500,000 was spent planning and carrying it out. Experts account that a minute percentage of their total budget of $30 million annually is paid for weapons for AQ. Even though profits may be… Read More
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India Pushes For Indian Rupee Internationalisation
Abstract: Over a long period of time, India has been pushing to internationalise Indian Rupees. Similarly, China is pushing for an international acceptance of the Renminbi (RMB). In this competition, the RMB got an edge as the International Monetary Fund (IMF) included the RMB in the Special Drawing Rights (SDRs) basket. Over time, Beijing adopted… Read More
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A Primer On The Functional Trinity Of The Information Environment
Abstract: Modern war is a complex endeavour. Operations have effects on several domains simultaneously and are not limited to the operational domains of land, air, sea, cyber and space. The information environment, with its three dimensions (informational, physical and cognitive), is a conceptual link between the MPECI instruments of power and the classic operational domains.… Read More
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Leveraging AI/ML for Advanced Digital Situational Awareness
Abstract: In an increasingly interconnected world marked by digitalisation and information abundance, the nature of security threats has evolved beyond traditional paradigms. Hybrid threats, characterised by their multifaceted and often subtle nature, challenge the conventional understanding of warfare. The concept of hybrid threats and cognitive warfare play a vital role within the context of the… Read More
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