WarTechNexus
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Emerging Disruptive Technologies And Mission Command Principles
Abstract: This article examines how emerging disruptive technologies during 1989–1993 affected the execution and doctrinal understanding of mission command principles in the U.S. Armed Forces. The analysis builds on an event-based cumulative coding process in which a selection of specific doctrines, technological advancements, and named operations are treated as key events and coded on a… Read More
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AI, Human Judgment, And Decision Reliability In High‑Tempo Military Operations
Abstract: Artificial intelligence is increasingly embedded in modern military operations, influencing how commanders interpret sensor data, assess threats, and make rapid decisions under pressure. While AI improves situational awareness and accelerates operational tempo, it also introduces vulnerabilities such as fabricated outputs, misclassifications, and opaque decision processes. Human factors—including stress, uncertainty, and organisational pressure—further complicate decision… Read More
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The Alliance Has No Common Answer To A Machine-Speed Question
Abstract: NATO has spent three years building the technical scaffolding to field autonomous systems across its member states, and has largely succeeded at interoperability, defined as an engineering property: allied machines can operate as one. It has not resolved a harder property of authority. When an autonomous system proposes a lethal action faster than a… Read More
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Emerging Technologies And The Enduring Principles Of War In European Officer Education
Abstract: While emerging technologies are transforming the character of war and officer education, the core principles of war remain constant. Focusing on European military academies, AI-enabled decision support systems, unmanned platforms, and cyber capabilities can be integrated into the basic education of future officers. These tools will reshape the teaching of the enduring principles of… Read More
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Embracing Emerging Tech To Educate Tomorrow’s Officers
Abstract: Cognitive warfare targets perception and decision-making, yet officer training lacks the operational constructs that structure kinetic or cyber operations. This doctrinal gap leads to fragmented detection, weak attribution, and curricula that prioritise procedural certainty over adaptive judgment in the face of ambiguity. This article introduces the Cognitive Defence Cycle (CDC), an operational model mapping… Read More
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Framework And Elemental Training Approaches For Military Operations
Abstract: Extended Reality (XR) is increasingly used for training in military and emergency response contexts, yet its pedagogical application to high-risk and cognitively demanding environments remains underdeveloped. This paper argues that XR’s primary value lies in its ability to regulate cognitive load through staged, elemental training rather than holistic simulation. Problem statement: How can Extended… Read More
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Enhancing Communicative Skills For Combined Operations Through A Multimodal XR-AI Training System
Abstract: Communicative interoperability is vital in multinational coalition warfare. While current Extended Reality (XR) systems excel in procedural motor training, this study proposes developing the KMA-XR-AI system to expand this scope to the communicative ‘fog of war.’ The system is intended to synergise multimodal sensing with adaptive AI to complement traditional XR capabilities. By fusing… Read More
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Gamification of Tactics: Enhancing Combined Arms Thinking and Decision-Making in Officer Cadets
Abstract: Recent conflicts underscore the practical relevance of simulation-based and gamified approaches to military training. From the use of commercial platforms for pilot familiarisation to incentive-based systems for drone operators in Ukraine, gamified logic is increasingly shaping how military personnel train, adapt, and perform under operational conditions. Based on an exploratory field trial and drawing… Read More
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The Future Of Maritime Interactions In The Age of AI
Abstract: Artificial Intelligence is transforming warfare on land, in the air, and above all—for this paper—at sea. AI is not only enhancing non-kinetic dimensions, such as information dominance, cyber operations, and decision-making processes, but is also amplifying the effectiveness of kinetic means. Recent conflicts have demonstrated how AI-enabled systems are used to deter, degrade, and… Read More
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Technical, Organisational, And Strategic Dimensions In Defence-Critical Contexts
Abstract: Artificial Intelligence is transforming the functioning and interaction of weapon systems and changing how battles are fought. That said, there are still many unresolved questions regarding the safety and security of AI systems. The core concern is that military organisations must adopt a multifaceted approach to effectively manage AI-associated risks, combining technical measures with… Read More
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