Articles
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Türkiye’s Military Capacity And European Defence Integration
Abstract: As Europe confronts the return of high-intensity warfare and prolonged industrial attrition, longstanding assumptions about defence readiness are being reconsidered. This report examines Türkiye’s evolving role within the European security landscape, arguing that Ankara has emerged as a significant yet inherently limited contributor to addressing Europe’s structural shortfalls in manpower, munitions, and operational adaptability.… Read More
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Putin’s Early NATO Discourse And The Myth Of Ignored Russian Security Interests
Abstract: This article challenges the post‑2014 Russian claim that NATO enlargement systematically ignored Russia’s legitimate security interests. Drawing on Vladimir Putin’s own speeches and interviews from 2000–2004, combined with primary documents such as the 1997 NATO–Russia Founding Act, it demonstrates that Moscow repeatedly accepted Alliance enlargement, deepened institutional cooperation, and even contemplated Russian membership. The… Read More
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Missile-Induced Systemic Compression And Crisis Stability In South Asia
Abstract: Technological acceleration is compressing decision-making timelines between nuclear-armed adversaries in ways classical deterrence theory did not anticipate. This essay introduces the concept of “missile-induced systemic compression” to explain how supersonic velocity and dual-capable ambiguity—the inability to distinguish conventional from nuclear warheads—systematically reduce crisis decision windows below the threshold required for deliberative management. Examining the… Read More
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Are You REDy? Using Red AI Tactics And The Defence Metaverse To Augment Future Force Design
Abstract: Force designers face demanding methodological challenges when considering how best to adapt concepts, successfully adopt new technologies, and overhaul existing structures and processes amid a fundamentally changing geostrategic environment. The Defence Metaverse, an ultra-realistic virtual twin of the battlefield, and powerful new red AI tactics offer sovereign European solutions to tackle these challenges by… Read More
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Academic Education For Officers’ Training In A New Age Of Warfare
Abstract: This paper argues that (military) leaders need to develop four critical capabilities to succeed in a disruptive and ambiguous environment. It goes on to contrast these desiderata with the fundamental trade-off between readiness and quality that permeates all military training and education, including academic studies. To counter a specific threat within a given time… Read More
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Competing Narratives In Media Framing Of U.S. Arms Sales To Taiwan
Abstract: This study examines how the People’s Republic of China and Taiwanese media frame United States-Taiwan arms sales using unsupervised text mining methods. It analyses English-language news coverage from 2019 to 2026, a period marked by delayed U.S. arms transfers and political debate over Taiwan’s defence spending. Drawing on articles from Taiwanese and PRC-affiliated media,… Read More
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Bias Vs. Bots: Training Officers For Cognitive Warfare
Abstract: Emerging technologies increasingly accelerate intelligence and decision cycles, yet the officer as human-in-the-loop remains cognitively vulnerable within contested information environments. Artificial intelligence may both mitigate and amplify these vulnerabilities. This article conceptualises Cognitive Resilience as the systematic integration of cognitive control loops into military decision-making. It proposes a training framework—Countering Cognitive Warfare Training (CCW… Read More
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An Austrian Perspective On Training First-Person-View-Drone-Builders And Operators
Abstract: Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and, especially, First Person View (FPV)-drones have fundamentally altered conventional and asymmetric warfare. With their rapid development since 2022 in the Russian-Ukrainian war, the Austrian Armed Forces recognised the need to develop methods to train future leaders in the intricacies of warfare with a heavy UAV presence and in integrating… Read More
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“Analogue” And “Digital” Reserve Forces
Abstract: Specialised digital-reserve functions are becoming increasingly important in how states conceptualise reserves in national and allied security. Alongside traditional reserve roles, digitally-specialised reservists can mobilise scarce expertise in cyber defence, data, cloud systems, and AI. Drawing on civilian and academic professionals, they may strengthen resilience against hybrid threats while raising questions of interoperability, legality,… Read More
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Institutional Conversion And The Politics Of Digital Insecurity
Abstract: Digital insecurity becomes leverage only when authorities recognised by relevant governance bodies convert cyber risk into binding rules, restrictions, or supervisory duties that alter the terms of participation. This process is called institutional conversion. Three pathways matter most: reliability shock, supplier risk governance, and exposure cascade. Comparing the European Union with Nigeria shows that… Read More
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